Everything about Slabodka Yeshiva totally explained
Slabodka yeshiva, also known as
Knesses Yisroel, and later as
Hebron Yeshiva or
Yeshivas Hevron, was known colloquially as the "mother of
yeshivas" and was devoted to high level study of the
Talmud. The yeshiva was located in the
Lithuanian town of Slabodka, adjacent to
Kovno (Kaunas), now
Vilijampolė, a suburb of Kaunas. It functioned from the late
19th century until
World War II.
From the second half of the 19th century, Kovno became a center of Jewish cultural activity in Lithuania. Prominent there were Isaac Elhanan Spector (the "Kovner Rav"; officiated 1864-96);
Abraham Mapu, one of the first modern Hebrew writers; and the literary critic Ka'al Makhshoves (
Israel Isidor Elyashev). The yeshivot of Slobodka became celebrated, in particular the Or Chayyim yeshivah, founded by Tzevi Levitan about 1863, which attracted students from other countries and was headed by noted scholars. Rabbi
Nosson Tzvi Finkel, also known as "Der Alter of Slabodka", (
The Elder of Slabodka) introduced
Musar ideals there. Its
rosh yeshiva was Rabbi
Moshe Mordechai Epstein; from 1881 it was known as the Slobodka yeshivah. Subsequently there was opposition among the students to the Musar method, and in 1897 the yeshivah was divided into two; the followers of Musar established the Keneset Israel yeshivah, named after
Israel Lipkin (Salanter), while its opponents founded the Keneset Bet Yitzchak yeshivah, named after
Yitzchak Elchanan Spektor.
Relocation to Palestine
A 1924 edict requiring enlistment in the military or supplementary secular studies in the yeshiva led a large number of its students to relocate to
Hebron under Rabbi Finkel's leadership, and the yeshiva was then headed by Rabbi
Yitzchok Isaac Sher. Hebron was chosen over
Jerusalem to avoid the influence of the conservative
old yishuv. The Slabodka yeshiva ceased operation during
the Holocaust.
1929 Hebron massacre
24 students were murdered in the
1929 Hebron massacre, and the yeshiva was reestablished in the
Geula neighbourhood of Jerusalem. Despite a delay after the death of Rabbi Moshe Hebroni, the last of the previous generation, the yeshiva moved into a new and larger campus in the south-central Giv'at Mordechai neighbourhood in 1975.
Prominent alumni
Rabbi Alter Polack
Rabbi Moshe Yakkov MendelowitzFurther Information
Get more info on 'Slabodka Yeshiva'.
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